Yesterday, for the fifth time on this trip, we’ve turned up at a large water-body to basically find just one duck! On this occasion it was Plum Orchard Lake WMA and Red-breasted Merganser, a female – no other ducks present. Previous encounters have involved White-winged Scoter, Ruddy Duck, Bufflehead and Lesser Scaup. These ducks have all been out of breeding range – their northward migration paused by something. All birds appeared to be healthy and happy. Other highlights of the day, and there were many, included a couple more vireos and an exceptional warbler. We’d begun the day at Little Beaver State Park with another nature trail around a pond – we’ll actually large reservoir. Here we saw a few more migrants and several lovely Blue-headed Vireo. Also of note were a Cliff Swallow and a secretive Wood Duck, on the approach to the park. Coffee break (without the coffee!) was taken beside the highly productive Paint Creek where, from the observation deck over the river we saw Eastern Wood Pewee, Louisiana Waterthrush, Hooded Warbler and our first Black-capped Chickadee – their range extends south down the finger of the Appalachian Mountains. Our final stop was at Plum Orchard Lake and what a hot-spot that turned out to be. Three vireo species virtually side by side – Red-eyed, Blue-headed and Yellow-throated, a stunning Wood Thrush and a must-get warbler Cerulean – we had a couple at the picnic site where we had lunch. They were tricky birds – mostly remaining high up in the leafy tree canopy – but we did eventually get reasonable views. Today we continue north towards Ohio and our rendezvous with Neil & Nicola and Phil & Carolyn for the gathering of Biggest Week in American Birding festival at Black Swamp Bird Observatory. A bucket-list event for many birders.

Things are on the move – and not just us! Every birder we’ve spoken to since we arrived in Florida has commented on how slow Spring migration is this year. On Dry Tortugas people were suggesting that they were around three weeks behind. Certainly since then we’ve struggled to identify birds which appear to be migrants rather than resident / wintering populations – particularly warblers. Yesterday, at a couple of sites in Virginia / West Virginia, we may have witnessed some signs of migration. We started at Lake Robertson, where a short nature trail takes you through mixed woodland around an artificial lake. First bird we found in the carpark was a singing Louisiana Waterthrush – one of the earliest of the highly migratory New World ‘warblers’. Along the trail we also came across Scarlet Tanager and Yellow-rumped Warbler. In the afternoon we took the Top Drive along the ridge of the Allegheny Mountains – with views of the more famous Blue Ridge Mountains. At around 3000 feet temperatures were down to 6 deg C. which, with wind chill added into the equation, meant it was pretty damn cold. I may need to review my shorts-wearing policy! Anyway, here we found more ‘warblers’ – American Redstart, Oven Bird, Black and White, Black-throated Green, Hooded and Worm-eating Warbler. Hopefully an indication that the east coast Spring migration is finally happening. Let’s hope so as we are now less than a week away from the big warbler fest in Ohio!

This was our first day together birding with Bob & Sue and Andy so we decided to stay local. We birded a town park and reservoir near Collinsville and a nature trail, created as part of an industrial park, on our way north to our next overnight stop at Covington (more of that later). In all we saw over 50 species and added half a dozen new birds to our overall GABRaT ll list including: Eastern Phoebe, Lesser Scaup – probably the biggest surprise and, along with Pied-billed Grebe, the only two birds on the entire reservoir – White-breasted Nuthatch, Baltimore Oriole, American Goldfinch and Raven. After a great days birding we were looking forward to a relaxing evening at our lodgings – unfortunately the Quality Inn was anything but! It was truly awful and we checked out and found a new temporary residence. Moral of the story – don’t believe all you read on Trip Advisor! Still the evening meal in the nearby Mexican restaurant was excellent.

Today was the day when we met up with Bob & Sue and Andy, who have joined use for the rest of our GABRaT ll adventure. As the drive from the Outer Banks to Raleigh Durham airport was around four hours, we had to change vehicles and then drive 100 miles further north, to our overnight accommodation in Collinsville Virginia, we had very little time for birding other than an early morning return to Bodie Island lighthouse and stuff we saw from the car. We had fully expected it would be a ‘dot day’, as far as the GABRaT ll list was concerned, but as we were checking-in to our motel a couple of birds popped up on the grassy roadside verge – Song Sparrow – a welcome addition to the list. Given the relatively short stay in the State and the generally poor weather we were pleased to have managed to get our North Carolina list into three figures – 103 to be precise. Tomorrow we’re doing a few local sites before heading for the Allegheny mountains the following day.

We woke this morning to heavy rain and a forecast which indicated wet until 5.00pm. We took the opportunity of a leisurely breakfast and then sea-watched from the hotel terrace and later from the near-by pier. Not a great deal happening but there were several Common Loon (Great Northern Diver to you and me) off-shore, a Great- Black-backed Gull on the beach and a selection of terns and waders flying by. A brief break in the weather allowed us to venture south to Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge. Here we added a couple more trip ticks – Marbled Godwit and Bufflehead – and quite a few State ticks, before the rain meant a hasty retreat back to the hotel. By four the weather improved sufficiently for us to head out again, this time to Brodie Island Lighthouse. The birding was good with more trip ticks – Saltmarsh Sparrow and Gadwall and yet more State ticks including: Belted Kingfisher, American Oystercatcher, Common Yellowthroat and a few more besides. Tomorrow we head back inland to Raleigh Durham International to collect Andy and Bob & Sue – ready for the next stage of our GABRaT ll adventure.

We spent the day travelling to the Outer Banks, calling in at a number of birding locations on the way. Our day started before breakfast in a local park – Smith Creek – where we got our North Carolina State list off to a good start. Top bird was the much anticipated Eastern Towhee, feeding quietly by the trail. Our first stop on the drive was Martin Marietta Park – a former quarry but now restored to a superb wildlife park – provided more additions to the list including Ruddy Duck – last seen near Peterborough in 2022. Then it was on to Goose Creek State Park for lunch – in the company of five woodpecker species! Final stop, before arriving at our Outer Banks base in Nag’s Head, was the gigantic wetlands site of Mattamuskeet NWR. Winter home for 10,000 Tundra Swans, thankfully there were a few stragglers remaining to make a welcome addition to the list. Looking at tomorrow’s weather forecast it could be a very damp day sea-watching and migrant spotting!

Today we’ve moved further north, crossing from South Carolina into North Carolina. Birding this morning was limited to a quick drive through and short mosquito-ridden trail walk in the Francis Marion National Forest. We saw very little and only added a couple of State ticks – best birds were Yellow-throated Warbler and Acadian Flycatcher. We then headed for our over-night stay near Wilmington NC, breaking our journey at Huntington State Park. Another small coastal barrier island with a nice mix of habitats. Here we added a couple of ‘trip ticks’, one was a our target species – Brown-headed Nuthatch – the other was a complete surprise! The only duck on Sandpiper Pond turned out to be a female type White-winged Scoter. At the very southern edge of its wintering range and not mentioned in any previous eBird reports – though oddly enough both Ring-necked Duck and Pied-billed Grebe had been reported. Close views of Wood Stork and Yellow-crowned Night Heron added value to our trip.

We closed our South Carolina State list on 109 – our overall GABRaT ll list is currently at 186, plus a few of the recent naturalised escape species from Florida: Egyptian Goose, Scaly-breasted Munia, Red Jungle Fowl and Grey-headed Swamphen

We spent the day at two reserves close to Santee – well worth the 150 mile round trip. Starting at Santee State Park it wasn’t long before we’d added our first trip tick. Feeding quietly on the grass by the side of the approach road was a superb Wood Thrush – a bit like a miniature Brown Thrasher. Unfortunately it quickly melted away, leaving us needing to find another to photograph – which luckily we did. By coffee time we’d moved on to Santee National Wildlife Refuge, which is made up of four separate units with different habitats. During the rest of the day we added more trip ticks including: Worm-eating Warbler, White-throated Sparrow, Red-headed Woodpecker and Barred Owl. The latter we first saw as a brief fly-through the woodland canopy – the identification being a process of deduction based on brief views, relative abundance and timing. We needn’t have angsted over it as ten minutes later two birds started shouting to each other close to where we’d stopped. They put on quite a show. Other wildlife highlights from a really enjoyable day included being dive-bombed by a nesting Red-shoulder Hawk and finding our second snake species the trip, a Queen Snake, which I very nearly trod on. We ended the day with 101 on our South Carolina bird list.

Today was our first full day birding in South Carolina and after a steady start it really came up trumps – political pun intended! (FYI SC has voted Republican since 1964, except in 1976 when it supported fellow Southerner Jimmy Carter.) Our first stop was Savannah NWR where we worked three areas of wetland and woodland. The last stop at Kingfisher Pond produced our first trip ticks – a pair of Wood Duck and Red-eyed Vireo. The next scheduled stop was Bear Island WMA – a vast area of swamp, ponds and wet woodland – produced an impressive array of waterbirds and two more trip ticks in the form of Tree Swallow and Mallard! Talking to one of the Rangers she told us about another site Donnellys WMA, just up the road, which had more shorebirds and a small colony of Roseate Spoonbill – a good tick for South Carolina. As we drove in we noticed some mature pine trees which had been conspicuously marked. Ever since our first trip to Florida we’ve known about this ‘secret code’ which is used to identify nest sites of the nationally scarce Red-cockaded Woodpecker. Having filled our boots with the Spoonbills and seen some very impressive (and intimidating) alligators we stopped off at the pine trees, at which point Jane shouted ‘there’s a woodpecker on the tree!’ Turned out to be a Red-cockaded – right on cue. The last impromptu site, which was given to us by a woman birder at Donnellys, was in the town of Jacksonborough – the Edisto Nature Trail. It was quiet on the birding front – best being a nice male Hooded Warbler – but it did give us point blank views of a Racoon, foraging in the undergrowth. A great days birding, taking our State list for South Carolina to 75. We’ll see if we can break the ton tomorrow.

On our last full day birding in Georgia we headed for Tybee Island, the most northerly in the island chain protecting the Georgia coast. We spent several hours strolling up and down North Beach (twice), checking out the terns, gulls and waders in the high tide roost. We managed to add two scarce terns – Caspian and Gull-billed – to our GABRaT ll trip list and I managed to find no fewer than ten colour ringed birds – Royal Tern, Black Skimmers and Ruddy Turnstone. I’ve already sent off the details and eagerly await their collective histories in due course. After lunch we visited the adjacent Cockspur Island, the site of the imposing and supposedly impregnable Fort Pulaski. The brick-built fort, part of the Third System Forts – a string of Atlantic coastal defences which include Fort Jefferson on Dry Tortugas – was constructed between 1829 and 1847. Occupied by the Confederates, after the eleven southern States seceded from the Union in 1861, Fort Pulaski was a key defensive position in the Civil War. Under increasing pressure from the advancing Federalist navy, the Confederates abandoned nearby Tybee Island. This was a moved which proved the undoing of their fortress stronghold. Over a two month period Capt. Quincy A Gillmore installed 11 artillery batteries of 36 heavy guns and mortars along the Tybee shore. At over a mile away they were considered by the Confederates to represent a minimal threat. Unfortunately for them Quincy had access to the latest weaponry, including rifled barrels on his heavy guns. Their capacity to penetrate the walls of the fort and threaten an explosion of the fort’s magazine led to the Confederates surrender, in just 30 hours of hostilities. As well as being a historic site of considerable interest the island is also home to some good birds. In just a couple of hours we found three species of sparrow – Swamp, Chipping and Savannah – Eastern Kingbird, Piping Plover and a good supporting cast of other stuff. Tomorrow we push on north into South Carolina – a new State list and some more interesting places to explore.